Giving Robots a Sense of Touch with Force-Torque Sensors

Published: May 26, 2025
Updated: March 8, 2026

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Have you ever thought about using robots for the world’s dirtiest or most dangerous jobs?

In one remarkable application, an autonomous robot is navigating the sewer systems of Zurich—not just seeing, but feeling its environment through a sense of touch.

Robuki force torque sensors on the feet of ANYbotics ANYmal

Why Do Robots Need a Sense of Touch?

Humans rely on five primary senses—sight, hearing, smell, taste, and touch—to perceive and interact with the world. When it comes to tasks like inspection, recognition, and manipulation, sight and touch are especially crucial.

When visual data is limited or unavailable, tasks become more difficult. But tactile feedback allows us to gather key details such as texture, hardness, size, and weight. Even without sight, we can recognize objects by touch alone.

This same principle applies to robotics: giving robots the ability to “feel” enhances their capability in unstructured or low-visibility environments.

Sewer Inspection with a Quadruped Robot

In a real-world application, a quadruped robot is used to inspect aging sewer infrastructure in Zurich. Each of the robot’s feet is equipped with Rokubi force/torque sensors from Bota Systems, giving it a powerful sense of touch.

As the robot walks, it interacts with the sewer floor and identifies structural deterioration—such as damaged or weakened concrete—that signals the need for maintenance.

With thousands of kilometers of sewer lines to monitor, automating these inspections offers huge benefits:

  • Reduced human exposure to hazardous environments

  • Faster inspections with consistent data collection

  • Improved maintenance planning based on precise tactile feedback

For experimental results, see this publication [1].

UAVs with Force Feedback for Inspection

Sewer systems aren’t the only environments where tactile sensing can improve robot performance. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) equipped with force-torque sensors are also proving valuable in complex inspection tasks.

Applications include:

  • Bridge and building surface inspection

  • Ship hull and pressure vessel monitoring

  • Wind turbine and power plant evaluation

An omnidirectional UAV, equipped with a Rokubi sensor, can perform contact-based inspections. The force sensor allows it to:

  • Detect contact with surfaces

  • Measure interaction forces

  • Limit applied pressure to avoid damage

This enables the UAV to interact delicately with structures, even at odd angles or in hard-to-reach places—improving inspection reliability and safety.

For experimental results, see this publication [2].

Why Choose Bota Systems Force Torque Sensors?

Bota Systems develops high-performance force torque (FT) sensors tailored for lightweight robotic systems, including UAVs and mobile platforms operating in harsh or dirty environments.

Key benefits include:

  • Impact resistance for rugged tasks

  • High accuracy for delicate force measurement

  • Easy integration with standard robotic systems

  • Compact and lightweight design

Whether you’re building mobile robots for field service or aerial manipulators for precision inspection, our sensors deliver reliable, real-time force feedback.

Get in touch with our team to discuss your project, request a demo, or explore how our sensors can accelerate your development and start building robots that feel the world.

Publications:

  • [1] H Kolvenbach, G Valsecchi, R Grandia, A Ruiz, F Jenelten, M Hutter, “Tactile Inspection of Concrete Deterioration in Sewers with Legged Robots”, 12th Conference on Field and Service Robotics (FSR 2019).

  • [2] Karen Bodie, Maximilian Brunner , Michael Pantic, Stefan Walser , Patrick Pfandler , Ueli Angst , Roland Siegwart and Juan Nieto, “An Omnidirectional Aerial Manipulation Platform for Contact-Based Inspection”, Robotics: Science and Systems 2019 15 (19).

author

Klajd Lika

Klajd is the Founder & CEO of Bota Systems, where he works on force-torque sensing, robotics hardware, and enabling robots with a reliable sense of touch. His work sits at the intersection of robotics, sensors, and AI.

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